ia32-64/x86/wbinvd.html
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:x86="http://www.felixcloutier.com/x86"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"></link><title>WBINVD
— Write Back and Invalidate Cache</title></head><body><header><nav><ul><li><a href='index.html'>Index</a></li><li>December 2023</li></ul></nav></header><h1>WBINVD
— Write Back and Invalidate Cache</h1>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Opcode</th>
<th>Instruction</th>
<th>Op/En</th>
<th>64-Bit Mode</th>
<th>Compat/Leg Mode</th>
<th>Description</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>0F 09</td>
<td>WBINVD</td>
<td>ZO</td>
<td>Valid</td>
<td>Valid</td>
<td>Write back and flush Internal caches; initiate writing-back and flushing of external caches.</td></tr></table>
<h2 id="instruction-operand-encoding">Instruction Operand Encoding<a class="anchor" href="#instruction-operand-encoding">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Op/En</th>
<th>Operand 1</th>
<th>Operand 2</th>
<th>Operand 3</th>
<th>Operand 4</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>ZO</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td></tr></table>
<h2 id="description">Description<a class="anchor" href="#description">
</a></h2>
<p>Writes back all modified cache lines in the processors internal cache to main memory and invalidates (flushes) the internal caches. The instruction then issues a special-function bus cycle that directs external caches to also write back modified data and another bus cycle to indicate that the external caches should be invalidated.</p>
<p>After executing this instruction, the processor does not wait for the external caches to complete their write-back and flushing operations before proceeding with instruction execution. It is the responsibility of hardware to respond to the cache write-back and flush signals. The amount of time or cycles for WBINVD to complete will vary due to size and other factors of different cache hierarchies. As a consequence, the use of the WBINVD instruction can have an impact on logical processor interrupt/event response time. Additional information of WBINVD behavior in a cache hierarchy with hierarchical sharing topology can be found in Chapter 2 of the Intel<sup>®</sup> 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developers Manual, Volume 3A.</p>
<p>The WBINVD instruction is a privileged instruction. When the processor is running in protected mode, the CPL of a program or procedure must be 0 to execute this instruction. This instruction is also a serializing instruction (see “Serializing Instructions” in Chapter 9 of the Intel<sup>®</sup> 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developers Manual, Volume 3A).</p>
<p>In situations where cache coherency with main memory is not a concern, software can use the INVD instruction.</p>
<p>This instructions operation is the same in non-64-bit modes and 64-bit mode.</p>
<h2 id="ia-32-architecture-compatibility">IA-32 Architecture Compatibility<a class="anchor" href="#ia-32-architecture-compatibility">
</a></h2>
<p>The WBINVD instruction is implementation dependent, and its function may be implemented differently on future Intel 64 and IA-32 processors. The instruction is not supported on IA-32 processors earlier than the Intel486 processor.</p>
<h2 id="operation">Operation<a class="anchor" href="#operation">
</a></h2>
<pre>WriteBack(InternalCaches);
Flush(InternalCaches);
SignalWriteBack(ExternalCaches);
SignalFlush(ExternalCaches);
Continue; (* Continue execution *)
</pre>
<h3 id="intel-c-c++-compiler-intrinsic-equivalent">Intel C/C++ Compiler Intrinsic Equivalent<a class="anchor" href="#intel-c-c++-compiler-intrinsic-equivalent">
</a></h3>
<pre>WBINVD void _wbinvd(void);
</pre>
<h2 id="flags-affected">Flags Affected<a class="anchor" href="#flags-affected">
</a></h2>
<p>None.</p>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="protected-mode-exceptions">Protected Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#protected-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>#GP(0)</td>
<td>If the current privilege level is not 0.</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>#UD</td>
<td>If the LOCK prefix is used.</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="real-address-mode-exceptions">Real-Address Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#real-address-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>#UD</td>
<td>If the LOCK prefix is used.</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="virtual-8086-mode-exceptions">Virtual-8086 Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#virtual-8086-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>#GP(0)</td>
<td>WBINVD cannot be executed at the virtual-8086 mode.</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="compatibility-mode-exceptions">Compatibility Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#compatibility-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<p>Same exceptions as in protected mode.</p>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="64-bit-mode-exceptions">64-Bit Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#64-bit-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<p>Same exceptions as in protected mode.</p><footer><p>
This UNOFFICIAL, mechanically-separated, non-verified reference is provided for convenience, but it may be
inc<span style="opacity: 0.2">omp</span>lete or b<sub>r</sub>oke<sub>n</sub> in various obvious or non-obvious
ways. Refer to <a href="https://software.intel.com/en-us/download/intel-64-and-ia-32-architectures-sdm-combined-volumes-1-2a-2b-2c-2d-3a-3b-3c-3d-and-4">Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developers Manual</a> for anything serious.
</p></footer></body></html>