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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:x86="http://www.felixcloutier.com/x86"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"></link><title>DAS
— Decimal Adjust AL After Subtraction</title></head><body><header><nav><ul><li><a href='index.html'>Index</a></li><li>December 2023</li></ul></nav></header><h1>DAS
— Decimal Adjust AL After Subtraction</h1>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Opcode</th>
<th>Instruction</th>
<th>Op/En</th>
<th>64-Bit Mode</th>
<th>Compat/Leg Mode</th>
<th>Description</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>2F</td>
<td>DAS</td>
<td>ZO</td>
<td>Invalid</td>
<td>Valid</td>
<td>Decimal adjust AL after subtraction.</td></tr></table>
<h2 id="instruction-operand-encoding">Instruction Operand Encoding<a class="anchor" href="#instruction-operand-encoding">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Op/En</th>
<th>Operand 1</th>
<th>Operand 2</th>
<th>Operand 3</th>
<th>Operand 4</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>ZO</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td>
<td>N/A</td></tr></table>
<h2 id="description">Description<a class="anchor" href="#description">
</a></h2>
<p>Adjusts the result of the subtraction of two packed BCD values to create a packed BCD result. The AL register is the implied source and destination operand. The DAS instruction is only useful when it follows a SUB instruction that subtracts (binary subtraction) one 2-digit, packed BCD value from another and stores a byte result in the AL register. The DAS instruction then adjusts the contents of the AL register to contain the correct 2-digit, packed BCD result. If a decimal borrow is detected, the CF and AF flags are set accordingly.</p>
<p>This instruction executes as described above in compatibility mode and legacy mode. It is not valid in 64-bit mode.</p>
<h2 id="operation">Operation<a class="anchor" href="#operation">
</a></h2>
<pre>IF 64-Bit Mode
THEN
#UD;
ELSE
old_AL := AL;
old_CF := CF;
CF := 0;
IF (((AL AND 0FH) &gt; 9) or AF = 1)
THEN
AL:=AL -6;
CF := old_CF or (Borrow from AL := AL 6);
AF := 1;
ELSE
AF := 0;
FI;
IF ((old_AL &gt; 99H) or (old_CF = 1))
THEN
AL := AL 60H;
CF := 1;
FI;
FI;
</pre>
<h2 id="example">Example<a class="anchor" href="#example">
</a></h2>
<p>SUB AL, BL Before: AL = 35H, BL = 47H, EFLAGS(OSZAPC) = XXXXXX</p>
<p>After: AL = EEH, BL = 47H, EFLAGS(0SZAPC) = 010111</p>
<p>DAA Before: AL = EEH, BL = 47H, EFLAGS(OSZAPC) = 010111</p>
<p>After: AL = 88H, BL = 47H, EFLAGS(0SZAPC) = X10111</p>
<h2 id="flags-affected">Flags Affected<a class="anchor" href="#flags-affected">
</a></h2>
<p>The CF and AF flags are set if the adjustment of the value results in a decimal borrow in either digit of the result (see the “Operation” section above). The SF, ZF, and PF flags are set according to the result. The OF flag is undefined.</p>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="protected-mode-exceptions">Protected Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#protected-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>#UD</td>
<td>If the LOCK prefix is used.</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="real-address-mode-exceptions">Real-Address Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#real-address-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>#UD</td>
<td>If the LOCK prefix is used.</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="virtual-8086-mode-exceptions">Virtual-8086 Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#virtual-8086-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>#UD</td>
<td>If the LOCK prefix is used.</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="compatibility-mode-exceptions">Compatibility Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#compatibility-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>#UD</td>
<td>If the LOCK prefix is used.</td></tr></table>
<h2 class="exceptions" id="64-bit-mode-exceptions">64-Bit Mode Exceptions<a class="anchor" href="#64-bit-mode-exceptions">
</a></h2>
<table>
<tr>
<td>#UD</td>
<td>If in 64-bit mode.</td></tr></table><footer><p>
This UNOFFICIAL, mechanically-separated, non-verified reference is provided for convenience, but it may be
inc<span style="opacity: 0.2">omp</span>lete or b<sub>r</sub>oke<sub>n</sub> in various obvious or non-obvious
ways. Refer to <a href="https://software.intel.com/en-us/download/intel-64-and-ia-32-architectures-sdm-combined-volumes-1-2a-2b-2c-2d-3a-3b-3c-3d-and-4">Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developers Manual</a> for anything serious.
</p></footer></body></html>